Phenotypic and Genotypic Identification of MDR Bacteria Isolated from the environment of ICU and Emergency Services in some Hospitals in benghazi, Libya .

Abstract

Microbial contamination in the hospital environment is one of the most important problems effecting the quality at health care provided there. This study aimed to determine the phenotypic and genotypic composition of MDR bacteria isolated from the environment of ICU andEMR in some benghazi hospital.among 100samples, with 50samles from each hospital. Results showed a bacterial contamination rate of 87% across all isolates. With Al-jalaa hospital recording the highest rate 90%. Gram negative bacteria accounted for 65.16% of isolates, while Gram positive 34.84% At the children hospital, the contamination rate was 84%, with Gram-Negative bacteria making up 52.63% of isolates. MRSA showed the highest contamination rate at Al-jalaa hospital, reaching 100% ,followed by  Proteus mirabilis at 50% The lowest contamination rates were for P.chlororaphis at 18% and Achromobacter at 9%. At the children hospital, the highest contamination rate was for Achromobacter  75%, followed by S.aureus at 50% , MRSA at 36%, and K.pneumoniae at 25%. Four  bacterial isolates which  showed high resistance to different  antibiotics (MDR) were re-identified by Molecular technique at the laboratory in of Molecular Biology, faculty of Science, University of Tunis, the 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis revealed a high degree of similarity between the studied isolates and the reference genome. It was determined that all the isolates possess a genetic sequence similar to the reference genome. The results proved that the investigated ICU rooms at children hospital was contaminated with S.hemolyticus strain HaKim 1980, and K.pneumoniae strain YU-2304. While ICU at Al-jalaa hospital was contaminated with P.aeruginosa strain 2023CK-00050. Also, Emergency department at Al-jalaa hospital was contaminated with A.baumannii strain 2023CK-00001.